Identification of a novel starfish neuropeptide that acts as a muscle relaxant

Journal of Neurochemistry
Chan-Hee KimNam Gyu Park

Abstract

Neuropeptides that act as muscle relaxants have been identified in chordates and protostomian invertebrates but little is known about the molecular identity of neuropeptides that act as muscle relaxants in deuterostomian invertebrates (e.g. echinoderms) that are 'evolutionary intermediates' of chordates and protostomes. Here, we have used the apical muscle of the starfish Patiria pectinifera to assay for myorelaxants in extracts of this species. A hexadecapeptide with the amino acid sequence Phe-Gly-Lys-Gly-Gly-Ala-Tyr-Asp-Pro-Leu-Ser-Ala-Gly-Phe-Thr-Asp was identified and designated starfish myorelaxant peptide (SMP). Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the SMP precursor protein revealed that it comprises 12 copies of SMP as well as 3 peptides (7 copies in total) that are structurally related to SMP. Analysis of the expression of SMP precursor transcripts in P. pectinifera using qPCR revealed the highest expression in the radial nerve cords and lower expression levels in a range of neuromuscular tissues, including the apical muscle, tube feet and cardiac stomach. Consistent with these findings, SMP also caused relaxation of tube foot and cardiac stomach preparations. Furthermore, SMP caused relaxation of apical muscle pr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 11, 2016·Journal of Peptide Science : an Official Publication of the European Peptide Society·Hye-Jin GoNam Gyu Park
Aug 11, 2017·The FEBS Journal·Chan-Hee KimNam Gyu Park
Oct 13, 2020·Journal of Neurogenetics·Madison HonerMatthew D Nelson
May 29, 2021·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Hugh F CarterPaola Oliveri
Sep 25, 2021·Mass Spectrometry Reviews·Ashley PhetsanthadLingjun Li

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KT870152
KT870153

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCRs
PCR
electrophoresis
amidation

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
ExPASy
spss
Clustal Omega
BLAST
GraphPad Prism

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