Identification of active retinaldehyde dehydrogenase isoforms in the postnatal human eye

PloS One
Angelica R HarperJody A Summers

Abstract

Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) has been implicated in regulating all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) synthesis in response to visual signals in animal models of myopia. To explore the potential role of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes and atRA in human postnatal ocular growth, RALDH activity, along with the distribution of RALDH1, RALDH2, and RALDH3 in the postnatal eye was determined. Retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), choroid, and sclera were isolated from donor human eyes. RALDH catalytic activity was measured in tissue homogenates using an in vitro atRA synthesis assay together with HPLC quantification of synthesized atRA. Homogenates were compared by western blotting for RALDH1, RALDH2, and RALDH3 protein. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine RALDH1 and RALDH2 localization in posterior fundal layers of the human eye. In the postnatal human eye, RALDH catalytic activity was detected in the choroid (6.84 ± 1.20 pmol/hr/ug), RPE (5.46 ± 1.18 pmol/hr/ug), and retina (4.21 ± 1.55 pmol/hr/ug), indicating the presence of active RALDH enzymes in these tissues. RALDH2 was most abundant in the choroid and RPE, in moderate abundance in the retina, and in relatively low abundance in sclera. RALDH1 was most a...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1985·The International Journal of Biochemistry·E M Algar, R S Holmes
May 1, 1995·Vision Research·T T Norton, J A Rada
Mar 16, 1994·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·C M NicotraA Paganini
Aug 1, 1993·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·T LufkinP Chambon
Oct 29, 1996·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·P McCafferyU C Dräger
Dec 13, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D Q Zhang, D G McMahon
Sep 13, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D L MisnerR M Evans
Jan 31, 2004·Vision Research·Sally A McFaddenJames R Mertz
May 26, 2005·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·David Troilo, Debora L Nickla
Jan 21, 2006·Developmental Biology·Andrew H CollopThomas A Drysdale
Nov 14, 2006·Experimental Eye Research·Hajime BandoJoe G Hollyfield
Sep 21, 2007·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Malcolm Maden
Dec 14, 2007·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Natalie LassenVasilis Vasiliou
Oct 4, 2008·Chemico-biological Interactions·Gregg Duester
Jan 30, 2009·Journal of Neurophysiology·Ziyi SunDouglas G McMahon
Nov 20, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Mayu SugiyamaAtsushi Miyawaki
May 31, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Joseph L Napoli
Feb 11, 2012·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jody A Summers RadaJoseph L Napoli
Oct 27, 2012·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·Ying ChenVasilis Vasiliou
Mar 27, 2013·Experimental Eye Research·Jody A Summers
Jun 4, 2013·Cell Reports·Yasuhiko Kawakami

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 15, 2016·Experimental Eye Research·Sandeep KumarGregg Duester
Nov 22, 2019·Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B·Qing-Qing XiaJie Li
Aug 12, 2020·Vestnik oftalmologii·E P TaruttaN A Tarasova
Jan 5, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Michael TeliasRichard H Kramer
Jun 1, 2016·Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy·Mildred V Duprey-DíazRosa E Blanco
Sep 23, 2020·Experimental Eye Research·Jody A SummersFalk Schroedl
Jul 7, 2021·Experimental Eye Research·Jody A SummersAndrei V Tkatchenko

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
Electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
Syngene GeneTools

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
Y SekoT Tokoro
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved