Abstract
This study screened mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus L.) for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), coxsackievirus type B3, and adenovirus type 5. The organs of this plant (leaves, stem, and seed) were macerated sequentially using solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Only the methanol extract of stem exhibited significant activity against HSV-2. This extract showed anti-HSV-2 activity with a selectivity index of 51 (50% cytotoxic concentration = 186 µg/mL; 50% inhibitory concentration = 3.63 µg/mL), and demonstrated direct inhibition against this virus with a virucidal selectivity index of 620 (50% virucidal concentration = 0.30 µg/mL). A bio-guided assay involving thin-layer chromatography led to the isolation of two active compounds, which have been identified as dammaradienone and dammaradienol using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. P. lentiscus has been widely studied for other biological activities. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of P. lentiscus L. exhibiting antiviral activity.
References
Jul 1, 1987·Journal of Natural Products·B L PoehlandN Troupe
Sep 1, 1994·Journal of Virological Methods·K SudoS Shigeta
Jan 5, 1999·The New England Journal of Medicine·F U HuwezD A Ala'Aldeen
Jan 25, 2002·Journal of Chemotherapy·P MaroneL Perversi
Mar 1, 2003·Journal of Natural Products·Hong-Jie ZhangHarry H S Fong
May 23, 2006·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·K V BalanP Pantazis
Sep 13, 2006·Nutrition and Cancer·Heleni LoutrariCharis Roussos
Nov 10, 2006·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Jin Seok KangShoji Fukushima
Dec 8, 2006·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·Angeliki TriantafyllouJohn Tsaknis
Feb 17, 2007·Acta Pharmacologica Sinica·Mei-Lan HeHui-Hong Tao
Aug 21, 2007·Archives of Pharmacal Research·Young-Beob YuJong Cheol Park
Feb 15, 2008·Journal of Natural Products·Patoomratana TuchindaVichai Reutrakul
Feb 24, 2009·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Stella LoizouParaskevi Moutsatsou
Apr 3, 2009·Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry·Ying WeiMasao Hattori
Oct 20, 2009·Nutrition and Cancer·Sophia MagkoutaHeleni Loutrari
Nov 3, 2009·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·K J DabosG Giannikopoulos
Dec 17, 2009·BMC Medical Genomics·Panagiotis MoulosFragiskos N Kolisis
May 31, 2011·Journal of Asian Natural Products Research·Ying PeiYing-Jun Zhang
Jun 8, 2011·Nutrition Journal·Angelike TriantafyllouSergey Dikalov
Nov 11, 2011·PloS One·Ioanna VallianouMargarita Hadzopoulou-Cladaras
Jan 11, 2017·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Sameh Ben KhedirTarek Rebai
Jun 21, 2017·Scientific Reports·Katerina SpyridopoulouKaterina Chlichlia
Jun 28, 2017·In Vivo·Ryuichiro SuzukiYoshiharu Matahira
Aug 12, 2017·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Alessandro BurianiMaria Carrara
Jul 20, 2018·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Aspasia I TzaniDespina N Perrea
Aug 31, 2018·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Christos KontogiannisKimon Stamatelopoulos
Nov 21, 2018·Nutrients·Efstathia PapadaAndriana C Kaliora