Abstract
Like other urodela amphibians, axolotls are able to regenerate lost appendages, even as adults, rendering them unique among higher vertebrates. In reaction to the severe trauma of a lost limb, apoptosis seems to be primarily implicated in the removal of injured cells and tissue homeostasis. Little, however, is known about apoptotic pathways and control mechanisms. Therefore, here we provide additional information regarding the mechanisms of tissue degradation. Expression patterns of Bcl-2 family members were analyzed using reverse transcriptase-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. In our study, we identified ten putative axolotl orthologs of the Bcl-2 family. We demonstrated that BH3-only proteins are differentially expressed in some axolotl organs, while they are expressed broadly in tail composite tissue and limb regeneration blastema. The importance of Bcl-2 family members is also indicated by detecting the expression of proapoptotic protein Bak in spatial congruence to apoptosis in the early stages of limb regeneration, while Bcl-2 expression was slightly modified. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Bcl-2 family members are conserved in the axolotl and might be involved in the tissue degradation processes that occu...Continue Reading
References
Sep 1, 1976·Journal of Morphology·P W TankT G Connelly
Dec 1, 1994·Developmental Biology·E V Yang, S V Bryant
Aug 1, 1996·Computer Applications in the Biosciences : CABIOS·R D Page
Sep 4, 1998·Cell·X LuoX Wang
Sep 4, 1998·Cell·H LiJ Yuan
Oct 24, 1998·The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology·D G Greenhalgh
Nov 21, 1998·Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society·E M Tanaka, J P Brockes
Nov 24, 1999·Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research·Y KanekoY Hanyu
May 16, 2000·Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society·A L MescherJ J Brokaw
Apr 18, 2001·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·E Salas-VidalL Covarrubias
May 3, 2003·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Yueh-Chun HsiehChang-Jen Huang
May 6, 2003·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Cristina Clavería, Miguel Torres
May 16, 2003·Current Biology : CB·Yutaka Imokawa, Jeremy P Brockes
Aug 24, 2004·Development Genes and Evolution·Tatjana VlaskalinCatherine Tsilfidis
Aug 12, 2005·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Abdel AouacheriaManolo Gouy
Jun 21, 2006·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·D Du PasquierA Mazabraud
Aug 5, 2006·Cell Death and Differentiation·E KratzA Ashkenazi
Apr 26, 2007·Cell Cycle·Sara LööfAndrás Simon
Apr 12, 2008·Cell Death and Differentiation·C A JetteA Letai
Jul 1, 2008·Journal of Molecular Biology·Catherine L DayMark G Hinds
Jul 31, 2008·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·J J LopezJ A Rosado
Jul 31, 2009·Oncogene·E Lomonosova, G Chinnadurai
Dec 2, 2009·BMC Biology·Nandini RaoDavid L Stocum
Dec 25, 2009·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Peter M Eimon, Avi Ashkenazi
Feb 16, 2010·BMC Developmental Biology·Jean-Charles GuimondStéphane Roy
Apr 28, 2010·Mechanisms of Development·James W GodwinJeremy P Brockes
Dec 4, 2010·Science·Decheng RenEmily H-Y Cheng
Mar 2, 2011·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Jessica L WhitedClifford J Tabin
May 10, 2011·Nature·Garabet YeretssianMaya Saleh