Identification of Feline Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 as an Efficient Antiviral Factor against the Replication of Feline Calicivirus and Other Feline Viruses

BioMed Research International
Yongxiang LiuLiandong Qu

Abstract

Interferons (IFNs) can inhibit most, if not all, viral infections by eliciting the transcription of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen of cats and a surrogate for Norwalk virus. Interferon efficiently inhibits the replication of FCV, but the mechanism of the antiviral activity is poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the anti-FCV activity of ten ISGs, whose antiviral activities were previously reported. The results showed that interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) can significantly inhibit the replication of FCV, whereas the other ISGs tested in this study failed. Further, we found that IRF1 was localized in the nucleus and efficiently activated IFN-β and the ISRE promoter. IRF1 can trigger the production of endogenous interferon and the expression of ISGs, suggesting that IRF1 can positively regulate IFN signalling. Importantly, the mRNA and protein levels of IRF1 were reduced upon FCV infection, which may be a new strategy for FCV to evade the innate immune system. Finally, the antiviral activity of IRF1 against feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus, and feline infectious peritonitis virus was demonstrated. These data indicate that feline IRF1 play...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 21, 2019·Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology·Sandro SacchiAntonio La Marca
Oct 22, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Yoatzin Peñaflor-TéllezAna Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
PCR
fluorescence assay
nuclear translocation

Software Mentioned

Prism
GraphPad
MEGA5

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