Identification of progastrin in gastrinomas, antrum, and duodenum by a novel radioimmunoassay

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
S PauwelsGraham J Dockray

Abstract

Recent studies on the gene sequence encoding the human pyloric antral hormone, gastrin, indicate a precursor of 101 residues. We have now raised antibodies to a synthetic analogue corresponding to (Tyr)-human progastrin COOH-terminal pentapeptide. The antibodies could be used in radioimmunoassay to measure this peptide, but they did not react with corresponding fragments of procholecystokinin, porcine progastrin, or other human progastrin-derived peptides, notably heptadecapeptide gastrin (G17), and 34-residue gastrin (G34). Radioimmunoassay of human antral and duodenal extracts revealed a major peak of activity that corresponded to the native COOH-terminal fragment of progastrin, and occurred in approximately equimolar amounts with COOH-terminal G17 immunoreactivity. In addition, there was a minor peak of apparently higher molecular weight material. In some gastrinomas the latter material was the predominant immunoreactive form, and it occurred in higher molar concentrations than any other form of gastrin. Digestion of this material with trypsin liberated peptides that reacted with antibodies specific for the NH2-terminus of G34, and G17. On this basis the high molecular weight component was identified as a form of gastrin tha...Continue Reading

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