Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution.

Nature Communications
Mykhailo BatiukMatthew G. Holt

Abstract

Astrocytes, a major cell type found throughout the central nervous system, have general roles in the modulation of synapse formation and synaptic transmission, blood-brain barrier formation, and regulation of blood flow, as well as metabolic support of other brain resident cells. Crucially, emerging evidence shows specific adaptations and astrocyte-encoded functions in regions, such as the spinal cord and cerebellum. To investigate the true extent of astrocyte molecular diversity across forebrain regions, we used single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis identifies five transcriptomically distinct astrocyte subtypes in adult mouse cortex and hippocampus. Validation of our data in situ reveals distinct spatial positioning of defined subtypes, reflecting the distribution of morphologically and physiologically distinct astrocyte populations. Our findings are evidence for specialized astrocyte subtypes between and within brain regions. The data are available through an online database (https://holt-sc.glialab.org/), providing a resource on which to base explorations of local astrocyte diversity and function in the brain.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence-activated
PCR
Smart-seq2
RNA-seq
dissection
single-cell sequencing
FACS
Photosensor

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop
DAVID
R
Zen
Elements
RStudio
STAR
Inkscape
PAGODA (
GIMP

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