PMID: 9528819Apr 7, 1998Paper

Identification of two antigenically and genetically distinct lineages of H3N8 equine influenza virus in Sweden

Epidemiology and Infection
L OxburghT Linné

Abstract

Four Swedish strains of equine H3N8 influenza virus isolated from outbreaks during the last 4 years were characterized. Antigenic typing using monoclonal antibodies raised against a variety of H3N8 strains showed that the viruses are heterogeneous, the 1993 isolate being closely related to the 1991 Swedish isolate TAB/91 and the other three isolates from 1994 and 1996 being more closely related to each other. This pattern is reflected in the phylogenetic data calculated from nucleotide sequencing of the haemagglutinin genes. H3N8 equine influenza can be seen to be evolving in two distinct lineages, one European and one American. The 1993 isolate is closely related to the European lineage and is the most recent Swedish strain of this lineage to be isolated. The 1994 and 1996 isolates fit into the American lineage, which contains recent isolates from the United States and also Britain. These results indicate that American-type H3N8 viruses have become endemic in Sweden and, in light of the antigenic differences which can be observed between viruses belonging to the two lineages, we believe that equine influenza virus vaccines should be updated with an American-type virus strain.

Citations

Jul 27, 1999·Veterinary Microbiology·L Oxburgh, A Hagström
Jul 4, 2002·The Veterinary Quarterly·C van Maanen, A Cullinane
Jul 8, 2009·Virus Research·Wojciech RozekJan F Zmudzinski
Apr 5, 2013·PLoS Computational Biology·Erik M VolzTrevor Bedford
Aug 17, 1999·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·L Oxburgh, B Klingeborn

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.