Identifying dyslexia risk for sport-related concussion management: Sensitivity and specificity of self-report and rapid naming

The Clinical Neuropsychologist
Rebecca Wiseheart, Robin Wellington

Abstract

Dyslexia is the most common type of learning disability and studies have shown that student-athletes with learning disabilities sustain more concussions than their non-affected peers. However, current methods of dyslexia identification in college students are potentially invalid because they rely on students to self-report formal dyslexia diagnoses. To test the accuracy of self-report against two alternative methods of dyslexia screening, 94 college students completed three dyslexia symptom inventories, two rapid naming (RAN) tasks, and a standard word reading measure. Reliability was acceptable for screening purposes on the inventories (α =.70, -.72), and excellent for RAN (α = .91, -.94). Specificity was acceptable (82.5%), but sensitivity was low (14.3%) when students self-reported suspected diagnoses of reading impairment. Sensitivity and specificity were higher for the digit RAN task (71 and 98%, respectively) compared to the letter RAN task (57 and 90%). Sensitivity (92.7%) and specificity (92.5%) were optimal when a cut-score of ≥27 seconds was used. A binary logistic regression showed digit RAN alone significantly predicted whether students were classified as typical or inefficient readers, p< .001, whereas the most rel...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 17, 2019·Dyslexia : the Journal of the British Dyslexia Association·Marianna Stella, Paul E Engelhardt

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