Identifying Genetic Players in Cell Sheet Morphogenesis Using a Drosophila Deficiency Screen for Genes on Chromosome 2R Involved in Dorsal Closure

G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics
Richard D MortensenDaniel P Kiehart

Abstract

Cell sheet morphogenesis characterizes key developmental transitions and homeostasis, in vertebrates and throughout phylogeny, including gastrulation, neural tube formation and wound healing. Dorsal closure, a process during Drosophila embryogenesis, has emerged as a model for cell sheet morphogenesis. ∼140 genes are currently known to affect dorsal closure and new genes are identified each year. Many of these genes were identified in screens that resulted in arrested development. Dorsal closure is remarkably robust and many questions regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in this complex biological process remain. Thus, it is important to identify all genes that contribute to the kinematics and dynamics of closure. Here, we used a set of large deletions (deficiencies), which collectively remove 98.5% of the genes on the right arm of Drosophila melanogaster's 2nd chromosome to identify "dorsal closure deficiencies". Through two crosses, we unambiguously identified embryos homozygous for each deficiency and time-lapse imaged them for the duration of closure. Images were analyzed for defects in cell shapes and tissue movements. Embryos homozygous for 47 deficiencies have notable, diverse defects in closure, demonstrating tha...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 31, 2021·Annual Review of Genetics·Nikhil Mishra, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPases
fluorescence microscopy
transgenic
fluorescence imaging

Software Mentioned

Micro
Metamorph
Fiji
Manager
Graphpad Prism
ImageJ2

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