Identifying neoantigens for use in immunotherapy

Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
Sharon Hutchison, Antonia L Pritchard

Abstract

This review focuses on the types of cancer antigens that can be recognised by the immune system and form due to alterations in the cancer genome, including cancer testis, overexpressed and neoantigens. Specifically, neoantigens can form when cancer cell-specific mutations occur that result in alterations of the protein from 'self'. This type of antigen can result in an immune response sufficient to clear tumour cells when activated. Furthermore, studies have reported that the likelihood of successful immunotherapeutic targeting of cancer by many different methods was reliant on immune response to neoantigens. The recent resurgence of interest in the immune response to tumour cells, in conjunction with technological advances, has resulted in a large increase in the predicted, identified and functionally confirmed neoantigens. This growth in identified neoantigen sequences has increased the contents of training sets for algorithms, which in turn improves the prediction of which genetic mutations may form neoantigens. Additionally, algorithms predicting how proteins will be processed into peptide epitopes by the proteasome and which peptides bind to the transporter complex are also improving with this research. Now that large scre...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 6, 2018·Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society·Andreas BehrenViive M Howell
Mar 4, 2020·Cells·Andrew M K LawDavid Gallego-Ortega
Sep 8, 2019·Journal of Hematology & Oncology·Tao JiangCaicun Zhou
Jan 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Kei Kunimasa, Taichiro Goto
Oct 10, 2020·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz·Verena ScheerThomas Hinz
Oct 19, 2020·BMC Cancer·Isamu HoshinoHideaki Shimada
Nov 8, 2019·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Monica BenvenutoRoberto Bei
Jul 2, 2021·Expert Review of Vaccines·Nasim EbrahimiMichael R Hamblin

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
RNA-seq
pVAC-seq

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02950766
NCT03199040
NCT03300843
NCT03558945
NCT02510950
NCT01970358

Software Mentioned

WebLogo
SYFPEITHI
SMM
PickPocket
NetChop
NetMHCcons
ANN
LOHHLA

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