Identifying the most sensitive and specific sign and symptom combinations for cholera: results from an analysis of laboratory-based surveillance data from Haiti, 2012-2013

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Mentor Ali Ber LucienMark A Katz

Abstract

Since October 2010, over 700,000 cholera cases have been reported in Haiti. We used data from laboratory-based surveillance for diarrhea in Haiti to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of the cholera case definitions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). From April 2012 to May 2013, we tested 1,878 samples from hospitalized patients with acute watery diarrhea; 1,178 (62.7%) yielded Vibrio cholerae O1. The sensitivity and specificity of the WHO case definition for cholera in an epidemic setting were 91.3% and 43.1%, respectively, and the PPV and NPV were 72.8% and 74.8%, respectively. The WHO case definition for cholera in an area where cholera is not known to be present had lower sensitivity (63.1%) and NPV (55.1%) but higher specificity (74.2%) and PPV (80.0%). When laboratory diagnostic testing is not immediately available, clinicians can evaluate signs and symptoms to more accurately identify cholera patients.

References

Jun 21, 2005·Archives of Disease in Childhood·D SurS K Bhattacharya
Jun 6, 2006·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Munirul AlamRita R Colwell
Feb 27, 2008·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Jacqueline L DeenJohn D Clemens
Jun 24, 2008·International Journal of Health Geographics·Michael EmchMohammad Ali
Dec 15, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Eric J NelsonDavid A Sack
May 3, 2011·Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition·A K SiddiqueR B Sack
Mar 31, 2012·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Mohammad AliJohn Clemens
Jul 4, 2012·Lancet·Jason B HarrisStephen B Calderwood
Jan 11, 2013·The New England Journal of Medicine·Ezra J BarzilayJordan W Tappero
Apr 1, 2012·Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal : WPSAR·Philippe Verger, Jenny Bishop
Oct 10, 2013·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Maria W SteenlandMark A Katz
Oct 10, 2013·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Brendan R Jackson The Cholera Serosurvey Working Group
Jan 22, 2014·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Macarthur CharlesJean W Pape

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 6, 2016·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·Torben K BeckerUNKNOWN Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) Group
Aug 14, 2015·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Eric J NelsonJohn D Clemens
Mar 1, 2018·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Johara NadriBradford D Gessner
Feb 2, 2017·The Open Orthopaedics Journal·Rosamond TanseyFares Sami Haddad
Oct 25, 2017·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Stanley JuinRoopal Patel

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Access
Epi Info

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.