IgE memory: persistence of antigen-specific IgE responses years after treatment of human filarial infections

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Edward Mitre, T B Nutman

Abstract

The human immune response to helminth infections is characterized by elevated serum levels of antigen-specific IgE. Although it is well established that IgG humoral immunity can persist for years, as yet there have been no longitudinal studies of antigen-specific IgE responses to helminth infection in the absence of re-exposure to pathogen. We sought to determine the presence of filaria-specific IgE responses years after treatment of human filarial infections in patients no longer living in a region endemic for filariasis. Filaria-specific IgE levels were measured in 34 filaria-infected patients before and 11 to 178 (median = 33) months after anthelmintic therapy. Frequencies of filaria-specific IgE-producing cells and measures of filaria-specific IgE-mediated histamine and IL-4 release from basophils were measured in subsets of these patients. At follow-up, all patients were asymptomatic without evidence of active infection, and none had traveled to filaria-endemic regions since initial evaluation. Although frequencies of Brugia malayi antigen (BmAg)-specific IgE-producing cells and serum levels of BmAg-specific IgE decreased significantly over time, both remained detectable in the majority of patients years after initial trea...Continue Reading

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