IGF-1, Inflammation and Retinal Degeneration: A Close Network

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Ana I ArrobaÁngela M Valverde

Abstract

Retinal degenerative diseases are a group of heterogeneous diseases that include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The progressive degeneration of the retinal neurons results in a severe deterioration of the visual function. Neuroinflammation is an early hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders of the retina including AMD, RP and DR. Microglial cells, key components of the retinal immune defense system, are activated in retinal degenerative diseases. In the microglia the interplay between the proinflammatory/classically activated or antiinflammatory/alternatively activated phenotypes is a complex dynamic process that occurs during the course of disease due to the different environmental signals related to pathophysiological conditions. In this regard, an adequate transition from the proinflammatory to the anti-inflammatory response is necessary to counteract retinal neurodegeneration and its subsequent damage that leads to the loss of visual function. Insulin like-growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been considered as a pleiotropic factor in the retina under health or disease conditions and several effects of IGF-1 in retinal immune modulation have been described. In t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 19, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Veronica Fuentes-SantamaríaIsabel Varela-Nieto
Aug 17, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Christa Løth MyhreBente Finsen
Jun 28, 2019·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Timothy E McGinnDeborah L Stenkamp
Nov 7, 2019·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Zofia LitwińskaAnna Machalińska
Oct 4, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Stefania VernazzaSergio Claudio Saccà
Feb 9, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Yu LinDanian Chen
Feb 13, 2021·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Jing WuJingfa Zhang
Dec 4, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Janusz BlasiakKai Kaarniranta
Mar 5, 2021·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Christina L RettingerHeuy-Ching Wang
Mar 7, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Lorena Olivares-GonzálezRegina Rodrigo
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ivan T RebustiniS Patricia Becerra
Jun 2, 2021·Annual Review of Vision Science·Laura CampelloAnand Swaroop

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electronic microscopy
transgenic
exome sequencing
nuclear translocation

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