IL-17 and neutrophils: unexpected players in the type 2 immune response

Current Opinion in Immunology
Judith E AllenDominik Rückerl

Abstract

The study of immunity to helminth infection has been central to understanding the function of type 2 cytokines and their targets. Although type 2 cytokines are considered anti-inflammatory and promote tissue repair, they also contribute to allergy and fibrosis. Here, we utilise data from helminth infection models, to illustrate that IL-17 and neutrophils, typically associated with pro-inflammatory responses, are intimately linked with type 2 immunity. Neutrophils work with IL-4Rα-activated macrophages to control incoming larvae but this comes at a cost of enhanced tissue damage. Chitinase like proteins (CLPs) bridge these diverse outcomes, inducing both protective IL-17 and reparative Th2 responses. Dysregulation of CLPs, IL-17 and neutrophils likely contribute to disease severity and pathology associated with type 2 immunity.

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Jun 4, 2016·Seminars in Immunopathology·Peter C Cook, Andrew S MacDonald
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Nov 5, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Heather L CaslinJohn J Ryan

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