IL-35: a new immunomodulator in autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Immunologic Research
Lazaros I SakkasDimitrios P Bogdanos

Abstract

IL-35 is a relatively new cytokine that emerges as an important immunomodulator. IL-35 belongs to IL-12 cytokine family that includes IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-35. These cytokines are heterodimers that share subunits and their receptors also share subunits. Whereas IL-12 and IL-23 are clearly proinflammatory cytokines, the role of IL-35 is less clear. In mice, IL-35 appears to be anti-inflammatory and to protect from autoimmune inflammatory diseases. IL-35 induces the expansion of a subset of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Bregs and mediates their suppressive function and inhibits Th17 cells. It also upregulates osteoprotegerin and suppresses RANKL, thus inhibiting bone resorption. In autoimmune rheumatic diseases, findings are conflicting, although in systemic lupus erythematosus, there is reduced function of IL-35. In psoriatic arthritis, a disease characterized by bone erosion and bone formation in peripheral joints and bone formation in spinal joints, serum levels of IL-35 were found increased in one study. Further data are required to define the exact role of IL-35 in human autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

References

Oct 29, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·O DevergneE Kieff
Nov 30, 2006·Nature Clinical Practice. Rheumatology·Lazaros I SakkasChris D Platsoucas
Nov 23, 2007·Nature·Lauren W CollisonDario A A Vignali
Nov 5, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Emilie BardelOdile Devergne
Dec 23, 2008·Mucosal Immunology·M F Neurath
May 21, 2010·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Irina KochetkovaDavid W Pascual
Oct 24, 2012·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Richard M Pope, Shiva Shahrara
Apr 20, 2014·Nature Medicine·Ren-Xi WangCharles E Egwuagu
Jun 18, 2014·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Thomas F Tedder, Warren J Leonard
Jul 24, 2014·The American Journal of the Medical Sciences·Han OuyangYing Lu
Feb 24, 2015·Cytokine·Mária FilkováLadislav Šenolt
Mar 4, 2015·Rheumatology·Souichiro NakanoYoshinari Takasaki
Mar 31, 2015·European Journal of Immunology·Karen O DixonCees van Kooten
Jul 15, 2015·Clinical Rheumatology·Andréa Tavares DantasMaira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
Aug 9, 2015·Autoimmunity Reviews·Rakeshchandra R MekaKamal D Moudgil
Sep 12, 2015·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Hideo KudoHironobu Ihn
Sep 16, 2015·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Xingwang NingWei Wang
Oct 27, 2015·Autoimmunity Reviews·Lazaros I Sakkas, Dimitrios P Bogdanos
Nov 18, 2015·Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·Y LiJ Lu
Jun 1, 2016·Frontiers in Neurology·Asma MalikMiguel A Guzman
Aug 10, 2016·Clinical Rheumatology·Liguo YinGuochun Wang
Sep 27, 2016·Autoimmunity Reviews·Lazaros I Sakkas, Dimitrios P Bogdanos
Dec 14, 2016·Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry : International Journal of Experimental Cellular Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology·Shenyi JiangJing Lu
Mar 11, 2017·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Salma ChehbounJean-François Gauchat
May 11, 2017·Dermatology : International Journal for Clinical and Investigative Dermatology·Jiang LiYu Xue
Sep 17, 2017·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·Olivier FogelCorinne Miceli-Richard
Oct 21, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Jin Kyeong ChoiCharles E Egwuagu
Mar 27, 2018·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Di HeBo Liu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 12, 2018·Auto- Immunity Highlights·Georgios K VasileiadisGeorgios M Hadjigeorgiou
Aug 11, 2019·Immunologic Research·Georgios NtolkerasDimitrios P Bogdanos
Jan 20, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Alexandra WetzelBurkhard Kleuser
Sep 15, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Jialing LiuXiaoyong Chen
Jun 30, 2019·Brain Sciences·Destanie Rose, Paul Ashwood
May 16, 2019·Nature Communications·Chandran RamakrishnaEdouard M Cantin
Jun 27, 2019·BioMed Research International·Tao WangZhijun Li
Mar 22, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yosuke KamiyaAkio Mitani
Jan 7, 2021·The Journal of Dermatology·Masaru Honma, Kei Hayashi
Dec 12, 2020·International Immunopharmacology·Qiang XieAn-Fang Huang
Jul 8, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Aslan MansurovJun Ishihara
Aug 8, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Masaru Honma, Hiroyoshi Nozaki
Jul 18, 2018·European Journal of Pharmacology·Paolo FagoneFerdinando Nicoletti

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
Assay
ELISA
flow cytometry

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.