Imaging diagnosis of dural and direct cavernous carotid fistulae

Radiologia brasileira
Daniela Dos SantosDaniel Giansante Abud

Abstract

Arteriovenous fistulae of the cavernous sinus are rare and difficult to diagnose. They are classified into dural cavernous sinus fistulae or direct carotid-cavernous fistulae. Despite the similarity of symptoms between both types, a precise diagnosis is essential since the treatment is specific for each type of fistula. Imaging findings are remarkably similar in both dural cavernous sinus fistulae and carotid-cavernous fistulae, but it is possible to differentiate one type from the other. Amongst the available imaging methods (Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography), angiography is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of cavernous sinus arteriovenous fistulae. The present essay is aimed at didactically presenting the classification and imaging findings of cavernous sinus arteriovenous fistulae.

References

Apr 1, 1990·Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR
Nov 1, 1988·Surgical Neurology·V A d'AngeloG Scotti
Nov 1, 1981·Journal of Neurosurgery·G DebrunJ P Caron
Aug 1, 1995·Archives of Ophthalmology·M D AciernoS S Gebarski
Jul 4, 2002·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Philip M MeyersRandall T Higashida
Feb 8, 2005·Neurosurgery Clinics of North America·Henry H WooPeter A Rasmussen
Dec 25, 2008·Neurologia Medico-chirurgica·Atsushi SaitoMichiharu Nishijima

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 20, 2016·Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·S KazerounianM Waizel
Dec 5, 2015·Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging : TMRI·Shalini V Mukhi, Christie M Lincoln
Aug 21, 2020·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·D KimJ H Lee
Nov 11, 2016·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Joshua ThatcherOsamu Sakai
Jan 19, 2021·Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·L HübnerG Gusek-Schneider
Dec 4, 2021·The Neuroradiology Journal·Bryan LubomirskyVladimir Ivanovic

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.