Imaging in mice and men: Pathophysiological insights into multiple sclerosis from conventional and advanced MRI techniques

Progress in Neurobiology
Julia KrämerSven G Meuth

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important tool for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS). However, MRI is still unable to precisely quantify the specific pathophysiological processes that underlie imaging findings in MS. Because autopsy and biopsy samples of MS patients are rare and biased towards a chronic burnt-out end or fulminant acute early stage, the only available methods to identify human disease pathology are to apply MRI techniques in combination with subsequent histopathological examination to small animal models of MS and to transfer these insights to MS patients. This review summarizes the existing combined imaging and histopathological studies performed in MS mouse models and humans with MS (in vivo and ex vivo), to promote a better understanding of the pathophysiology that underlies conventional MRI, diffusion tensor and magnetization transfer imaging findings in MS patients. Moreover, it provides a critical view on imaging capabilities and results in MS patients and mouse models and for future studies recommends how to combine those particular MR sequences and parameters whose underlying pathophysiological basis could be partly clarified. Further combined longitudinal in vivo imaging and histopathologi...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 8, 2020·Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology·Gabriel Gonzalez-EscamillaSergiu Groppa
Oct 18, 2020·The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology·Huihui XiongFukang Xie
Jan 7, 2021·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, Sergiu Groppa
Mar 26, 2021·Frontiers in Neurology·Alexander SeilerRené-Maxime Gracien
Sep 5, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Vinzenz FleischerSergiu Groppa
Oct 30, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Angela RadetzSergiu Groppa

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