Imaging Myelination In Vivo Using Transparent Animal Models

Brain Plasticity
Jenea M Bin, David A Lyons

Abstract

Myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system is essential for nervous system function and health. Despite its importance, we have a relatively poor understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate myelination in the living animal, particularly in the CNS. This is partly due to the fact that myelination commences around birth in mammals, by which time the CNS is complex and largely inaccessible, and thus very difficult to image live in its intact form. As a consequence, in recent years much effort has been invested in the use of smaller, simpler, transparent model organisms to investigate mechanisms of myelination in vivo. Although the majority of such studies have employed zebrafish, the Xenopus tadpole also represents an important complementary system with advantages for investigating myelin biology in vivo. Here we review how the natural features of zebrafish embryos and larvae and Xenopus tadpoles make them ideal systems for experimentally interrogating myelination by live imaging. We outline common transgenic technologies used to generate zebrafish and Xenopus that express fluorescent reporters, which can be used to image myelinati...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 5, 2019·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Masayuki ItohYoichi Kato
Jun 16, 2017·Glia·Katy L H ColeDavid A Lyons
Feb 1, 2020·Communications Biology·Weili TianHernán López-Schier
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Nov 7, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ming-Yu WuSijie Chen
Oct 28, 2021·Journal of Neurophysiology·Valentina SaccomannoWen-Chang Li
Dec 17, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Sarah A Neely, David A Lyons

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
light scattering
confocal microscopy
light sheet microscopy
light microscopy
electron microscopy
fluorescence microscopy
electron
transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

ScoRe
CARS
Tol2kit

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