Immune activation, apoptosis, and Treg activity are associated with persistently reduced CD4+ T-cell counts during antiretroviral therapy

AIDS
Stefania PiconiMario Clerici

Abstract

Persistently reduced CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts in the face of undetectable HIV viremia are seen in a sizable percentage of HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART). We analyzed the immune correlates of this phenomenon. Sixty-seven HIV-infected patients with undetectable viremia (<50 copies/microl) after more than 7 years of ART were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups (CD4 cell counts >500 cells/microl or <500 cells/microl). Duration of HIV infection (>16 years) was comparable. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell were stimulated with gag+env or with cytomegalovirus peptides. Activated T cells (Ki67(+)), Treg lymphocytes (CD4(+)/CD25high/Foxp3+), divided into naive and activated cells based on PD1 expression, interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta production, annexin V, activation of caspases 8 and 9, Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 expression on immune cells, and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration were analyzed. CD4(+)/Ki67(+) T cells; plasma LPS; total, naive, and activated Treg; TLR2-expressing and TLR4-expressing Treg; IL-10 production; and early and late apoptotic CD4 T cells, were significantly increased in patients with undetectable viremia and CD4 cel...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

Oct 17, 2017·Sergio I. Valdés-Ferrer, MD, PhD

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