Immune-bone interplay in the structural damage in rheumatoid arthritis

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
Noriko Komatsu, Hiroshi Takayanagi

Abstract

The immune and bone systems maintain homeostasis by interacting closely with each other. Rheumatoid arthritis is a pathological consequence of their interplay, as activated T cell immune responses result in osteoclast-mediated bone erosion. An imbalance between forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3)+ regulatory T (Treg ) cells and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells is often linked with autoimmune diseases, including arthritis. Th17 cells contribute to the bone destruction in arthritis by up-regulating receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) on synovial fibroblasts as well as inducing local inflammation. Studies on the origin of Th17 cells in inflammation have shed light on the pathogenic conversion of Foxp3+ T cells. Th17 cells converted from Foxp3+ T cells (exFoxp3 Th17 cells) comprise the most potent osteoclastogenic T cell subset in inflammatory bone loss. It has been suggested that osteoclastogenic T cells may have developed originally to stop local infection in periodontitis by inducing tooth loss. In addition, Th17 cells also contribute to the pathogenesis of arthritis by modulating antibody function. Antibodies and immune complexes have attracted considerable attention for their direct role in osteoclastogenesis, ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 16, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Cristina SobacchiAnna Villa
Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Medicine·Irene LlorenteSantos Castañeda
Jan 26, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Massimo De MartinisSebastiano Gangemi
May 15, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Dan-Na HuangXi-Jun Wang
Jun 7, 2021·International Immunopharmacology·Peiyao WuLei Zhao

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