Immune-mediated CNS damage

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation
Katrin KierdorfHarald Neumann

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease. However, the persisting neurological deficits in MS patients result from acute axonal injury and chronic neurodegeneration, which are both triggered by the autoreactive immune response. Innate immunity, mainly mediated by activated microglial cells and invading macrophages, appears to contribute to chronic neurodegeneration. Activated microglia produce several reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines which affect neuronal function, integrity and survival. Adaptive immunity, particularly in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, participates in acute demyelination and axonal injury by directly attacking oligodendrocytes and possibly neurons as well. Understanding the mechanisms of immune-mediated neuronal damage might help to design novel therapy strategies for MS.

Citations

Nov 30, 2011·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Rommy von Bernhardi, Jaime Eugenín
Nov 19, 2011·Multiple Sclerosis International·Irena Dujmovic
Aug 1, 2015·Neural Plasticity·Dominika Justyna Ksiazek-WiniarekAndrzej Glabinski
Feb 13, 2016·Molecular Neurobiology·Tarek K MotawiAsmaa F Aboul Naser
Mar 29, 2014·Neuromolecular Medicine·Francesco MoriDiego Centonze
Sep 23, 2014·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Fabio Di DomenicoD Allan Butterfield
May 13, 2017·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Youhua XuQuan Zhu

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