Immune mediated neurologic dysfunction as a paraneoplastic syndrome in renal cell carcinoma.

Journal of Neuro-oncology
Vijay JohnsonChristian Hagel

Abstract

To describe a case of cerebellar ataxia associated with renal cell carcinoma. A 53-year-old Caucasian male with a history of Schizophrenia presented with generalized weakness, nausea, vomiting, severe weight loss, and progressively worsening gait difficulty associated with multiple falls. Physical examination revealed profound ataxia with inability to ambulate despite normal strength. The patient also appeared cachectic. A contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen/pelvis showed a 10.4 x 8.3 cm(2) left renal mass. Histopathology of the tissue revealed morphology consistent with renal cell carcinoma. Paraneoplastic antibodies including anti-Hu, anti-Ma, anti-Ri, and anti-Yo were negative, however, biotinylated serum analysis was positive for hippocampal and cerebellar Purkinje cells. The pathogenesis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes is believed to be associated with antibody and T-cell mediated response to antigens shared between the tumor and neural tissue. Though serum from this patient was negative for well-characterized antibodies, further testing revealed the presence of proteins binding to the hippocampal region of the midbrain and the cerebellum, and to components of the extracellular matrix of the tumor which may sugges...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1996·The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques·S DeodhareJ M Bilbao
Apr 29, 1999·Brain Pathology·J DalmauJ B Posner
Jan 7, 2005·Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology·C HagelH C Hansen
Sep 24, 2005·Annals of Neurology·Roberta VitalianiJosep Dalmau

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