Immune Thrombocytopenia: Recent Advances in Pathogenesis and Treatments.

HemaSphere
Sylvain AudiaBernard Bonnotte

Abstract

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare autoimmune disease due to both a peripheral destruction of platelets and an inappropriate bone marrow production. Although the primary triggering factors of ITP remain unknown, a loss of immune tolerance-mostly represented by a regulatory T-cell defect-allows T follicular helper cells to stimulate autoreactive splenic B cells that differentiate into antiplatelet antibody-producing plasma cells. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa is the main target of antiplatelet antibodies leading to platelet phagocytosis by splenic macrophages, through interactions with Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) and complement receptors. This allows macrophages to activate autoreactive T cells by their antigen-presenting functions. Moreover, the activation of the classical complement pathway participates to platelet opsonization and also to their destruction by complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Platelet destruction is also mediated by a FcγR-independent pathway, involving platelet desialylation that favors their binding to the Ashwell-Morell receptor and their clearance in the liver. Cytotoxic T cells also contribute to ITP pathogenesis by mediating cytotoxicity against megakaryocytes and peripheral platelets. The deficient megaka...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1985·British Journal of Haematology·Y KurataR McMillan
Nov 8, 1994·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D J KuterR D Rosenberg
Jun 1, 1996·British Journal of Haematology·S KosugiY Matsuzawa
Mar 22, 2002·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Masataka KuwanaYasuo Ikeda
Nov 2, 2004·European Journal of Immunology·Alex F de VosJon D Laman
Mar 16, 2005·International Journal of Hematology·Robert McMillan, Diane Nugent
Oct 28, 2006·Thrombosis Research·Miho SakakuraHiroshi Shiku
Aug 19, 2007·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Derry C Roopenian, Shreeram Akilesh
Nov 6, 2007·British Journal of Haematology·Shuguang LiMing Hou
Nov 30, 2007·The New England Journal of Medicine·James B BusselJulian M Jenkins
Mar 18, 2008·British Journal of Haematology·Vivek L PatelJames B Bussel
Mar 29, 2008·Annual Review of Immunology·Falk Nimmerjahn, Jeffrey V Ravetch
Oct 21, 2009·Annals of Internal Medicine·Reimar W ThomsenHenrik Toft Sørensen
Sep 8, 2010·Methods in Enzymology·Prabhjit K Grewal
Nov 12, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·David J KuterDietmar P Berger
Apr 6, 2012·Thrombosis and Haemostasis·Bob OlssonHans Wadenvik
Jun 26, 2012·European Journal of Immunology·Jan P WeberAndreas Hutloff
Dec 18, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Matthieu MahévasClaude-Agnès Reynaud
Feb 16, 2013·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Inessa Schwab, Falk Nimmerjahn
May 17, 2013·Seminars in Hematology·Tetsuya Nishimoto, Masataka Kuwana
Apr 23, 2014·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·Rosanne Spolski, Warren J Leonard

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

B cell Differentiation

Depending on the signal received through the B cell receptor and other receptors, B cells differentiate into follicular or marginal zone B cells. Here is the latest research pertaining to this differentiation process.

Autoimmune Hepatitis

Autoimmune hepatitis formerly called lupoid hepatitis, is a chronic, autoimmune disease of the liver that occurs when the body's immune system attacks liver cells causing the liver to be inflamed. Discover the latest research on autoimmune hepatitis here.

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Related Papers

Autoimmunity Reviews
Sylvain AudiaBernard Bonnotte
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Sylvain Audia, Bernard Bonnotte
La Revue de médecine interne
S AudiaBernard Bonnotte
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved