Immunity in arterial hypertension: associations or causalities?

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Hans-Joachim AndersFrancesca Mallamaci

Abstract

Numerous studies describe associations between markers of inflammation and arterial hypertension (aHT), but does that imply causality? Interventional studies that reduce blood pressure reduced also markers of inflammation, but does immunosuppression improve hypertension? Here, we review the available mechanistic data. Aberrant immunity can trigger endothelial dysfunction but is hardly ever the primary cause of aHT. Innate and adaptive immunity get involved once hypertension has caused vascular wall injury as immunity is a modifier of endothelial dysfunction and vascular wall remodelling. As vascular remodelling progresses, immunity-related mechanisms can become significant cofactors for cardiovascular (CV) disease progression; vice versa, suppressing immunity can improve hypertension and CV outcomes. Innate and adaptive immunity both contribute to vascular wall remodelling. Innate immunity is driven by danger signals that activate Toll-like receptors and other pattern-recognition receptors. Adaptive immunity is based on loss of tolerance against vascular autoantigens and includes autoreactive T-cell immunity as well as non-HLA angiotensin II type 1 receptor-activating autoantibodies. Such processes involve numerous other modula...Continue Reading

References

Apr 9, 1999·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·G WallukatF C Luft
Jun 8, 2001·Journal of Hypertension·L E BautistaA I Guaracao
Sep 22, 2001·Hypertension·C U ChaeP M Ridker
Oct 3, 2002·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Yu-Hua LiaoLong-Xian Cheng
Dec 17, 2002·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Gunnar EngströmFolke Lindgärde
Jun 12, 2003·American Journal of Hypertension·Ki Chul SungSun Woo Kim
Dec 20, 2003·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Carmine ZoccaliGiovanni Tripepi
Aug 18, 2004·Circulation·Danilo FliserUNKNOWN EUropean Trial on Olmesartan and Pravastatin in Inflammation and Atherosclerosis (EUTOPIA) Investigators
Sep 4, 2004·Coronary Artery Disease·Leonelo E BautistaAllen J Taylor
Feb 11, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·Duska DragunGerd Wallukat
Apr 12, 2005·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Jin-Chuan YanLin-Zen Zhan
Nov 30, 2006·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Jose HerreraBernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
May 4, 2007·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Martha FrancoBernardo Rodríguez-Iturbe
Jul 17, 2007·Cell·Christopher C Goodnow
Jul 25, 2008·Nature·Ruslan Medzhitov
Sep 4, 2008·Circulation·Olga PryshchepCornelia M Weyand
Jan 21, 2011·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Ruth EisslerMarcus Baumann
May 6, 2011·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Marcus BaumannMaximilian von Eynatten
May 23, 2012·Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension·Jeannette SiminoBarry I Freedman
Oct 26, 2012·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Héctor PonsBernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
Feb 1, 2013·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Martha FrancoBernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
Mar 8, 2013·Nature·Markus KleinewietfeldDavid A Hafler
Jul 11, 2013·Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation·Duska DragunAurélie Philippe
Aug 8, 2013·American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons·M GiralD Dragun
Sep 4, 2013·European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·Giuseppe DerosaPamela Maffioli
Nov 20, 2013·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Bernardo Rodríguez-IturbeRichard J Johnson
Jan 22, 2014·High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension·Carolina De CiuceisDamiano Rizzoni
Feb 19, 2014·Current Hypertension Reports·Keisa W MathisMichael J Ryan
Feb 21, 2014·The Journal of Dermatological Treatment·Gabrielle BrownEthan Levin
Mar 26, 2014·Transplant International : Official Journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation·Gideon HöngerStefan Schaub
Apr 2, 2014·European Heart Journal·Noureddine Idris-KhodjaErnesto L Schiffrin
Jul 23, 2014·Clinical and Experimental Hypertension : CHE·Yingshui YaoChong Shen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 26, 2015·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Yu WangPaul M Vanhoutte
Feb 6, 2016·Current Hypertension Reports·Antoine Caillon, Ernesto L Schiffrin
Sep 1, 2015·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Ulrich WenzelHeimo Ehmke
Dec 23, 2015·Acta Neuropathologica·Isabelle St-AmourFrédéric Calon
Jul 28, 2015·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·David J Ferland, Stephanie W Watts
Jun 10, 2017·High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension·E BartoloniRoberto Gerli
Apr 14, 2018·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Dawid WalasJulian Fr Paton
Aug 18, 2020·Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia·Hamid Azizi-MalekabadiMahmoud Hosseini
Aug 25, 2017·Nature Reviews. Cardiology·Elena BartoloniRoberto Gerli

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cardiovascular Inflammation

Inflammation plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, an understanding of these endogenous processes is critical for evaluating the risks and potential treatment strategies. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular inflammation here.

Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Sensitive and accurate biomarkers used in cardiovascular risk prediction can potentially be used to manage the risk of cardiovascular disease. Discover the latest research on Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment here. Discover the latest research on Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment here.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Related Papers

European Heart Journal
Noureddine Idris-KhodjaErnesto L Schiffrin
The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
Ernesto L Schiffrin
Canadian Medical Association Journal
J Third
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved