Immunization of rats with heat-labile enterotoxin provides uniform protection against heterologous serotypes of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Infection and Immunity
F A KlipsteinJ D Clements

Abstract

Rats immunized with Escherichia coli heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin, either in the form of the holotoxin derived from a transformed K-12 strain or the polymyxin-release form obtained from human strains which produce LT toxin alone (LT+/ST- [ST is heat-stable toxin)] or together with ST toxin (LT+/ST+), were challenged with viable organisms of 10 different serotypes, 5 LT+/ST- and 5 LT+/ST+. The serum antitoxin response was monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the degree of protection was determined by challenge in ligated ileal loops. Immunization with the holotoxin provided a strong antitoxin response and protection against all 10 challenge strains. Immunization with toxin from the LT+/ST+ strain provided equally strong protection against all strains, but immunization with toxin from the LT+/ST- strain yielded only a weak antitoxin response, moderate protection against challenge with LT+/ST- strains, and no protection against LT+/ST- strains, increasing by fivefold the immunization dosage of the LT+/ST- toxin failed to enhance protection. These observations (i) establish the fact that immunization with the LT holotoxin provides uniformly strong protection against heterologous serotypes and (ii) indicate that, for ...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1977·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·R B Sack, J L Froehlich
Mar 1, 1976·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·D J EvansS L Gorbach
Mar 1, 1979·Infection and Immunity·M M LevineC R Young
Feb 1, 1975·Infection and Immunity·D A Sack, R B Sack
Jan 1, 1975·Annual Review of Microbiology·R B Sack
Mar 1, 1974·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·C L Gyles
Sep 1, 1963·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M J OSBORN

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 1, 1982·The Journal of Urology·D T UehlingE Balish
Jan 1, 1983·Infection and Immunity·F A KlipsteinR A Houghten

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.