Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptors in the urogenital tracts of human embryos

Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility
Y SajjadG Vince

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate androgen receptor (AR) expression in the developing human urogenital tract. The distribution of AR was examined in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the lower urogenital tract using 55 human embryos of 8-12 weeks of gestation. Immunohistochemistry was performed for AR detection and gender was determined by polymerized chain reaction. There were no differences in the distribution of AR in male and female embryos at any stage of gestation. AR was present only in the mesenchymal tissues of the urogenital sinus at 8 weeks whilst the epithelium was negative, but after 9 weeks the epithelium also showed progressively more positive staining. In the phallus, AR staining was prominent. There was far less staining in the epithelium of the urethral groove from 8 to 10 weeks, whilst the mesenchyme of the urethral folds showed positive staining. At 11 and 12 weeks, both the urethral groove and folds showed uniform staining. The genital tubercle, genital swelling and bulbourethral gland precusors were also positively stained, although paramesonephric ducts were negative. Staining was observed in the mesonephric duct from 9 weeks. There was an absence of staining in the rectum at all stages of gesta...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 21, 2013·Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Sunil Kumar KotaKirtikumar D Modi
May 2, 2008·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Laurel A Beck, Juli Wade
May 8, 2007·Acta histochemica·Małgorzata BurekMaria Słomczyńska
Apr 18, 2007·The Journal of Urology·Abdol-Mohammad KajbafzadehSeyedmehdi Payabvash
Sep 18, 2010·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research·Yasmin Sajjad
Apr 9, 2015·Nature Reviews. Urology·Gerald R CunhaLaurence S Baskin
Jun 15, 2010·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Ralf WernerOlaf Hiort
Feb 13, 2007·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Yung-Shun JuanRobert M Levin
Oct 27, 2021·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Gerard A TarulliMarilyn B Renfree

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