Immunometabolic Changes in Hepatocytes Arising from Obesity and the Practice of Physical Exercise

Current Pharmaceutical Design
Paula Alves MonteiroFabio Santos Lira

Abstract

Over the recent years, a particular interest was shown towards understanding the roles of excessive hepatic fat accumulation and the development of obesity-related diseases. While hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation seems to be a response to the systemic increase of insulin release, fatty acid metabolites contribute to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It is widely accepted that NAFLD is a polygenic and multifactorial disease under the influence of critical behavioral factors such as overeating and sedentary lifestyles. The progression of the disease is proposed to include the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes, but liver damage would be mainly initiated through an exaggerated activation of the immune system. This inflammatory response would be triggered by the increase in cytokine production followed by TLR-4 activation and NF-kB pathways. Interestingly, cytokines as IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 act as antiinflammatory in response to exercise and thus, could play an important role in the restoration of liver functions in diseased conditions. Strategies for healthy life behaviors including nutrition and regular physical exercise are recommended to counterac...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 10, 2020·The Journal of Nutrition·Kate J Claycombe-LarsonJames N Roemmich
Apr 5, 2019·Biology of Sex Differences·Cameron GriffinKanakadurga Singer

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