Abstract
Vitamin D is well known for its classical hormonal action related to the maintenance of mineral and skeletal homeostasis. However, the discovery that vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in most non-skeletal tissues points to its broad role in the human organism. Current literature emphasizes a multidirectional role of vitamin D, with a special focus on its immunomodulatory properties. As VDR and the enzyme 1-α-hydroxylase are expressed in most immune cells, vitamin D modulates the phagocytic activity of macrophages and natural killer cells. In addition, it induces the microbicidal activity of phagocytes. In contrast, vitamin D suppresses differentiation and maturation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells and B lymphocytes, and it inhibits proliferation of Th1 and Th17 cells. In this review we aimed to describe the current scientific discoveries on the role of vitamin D as immunomodulator.
Citations
May 15, 2019·Nutrients·Anna Bednarska-CzerwińskaAnd Andrzej Tukiendorf
Mar 14, 2020·Autoimmunity·Teresa CarboneSalvatore D'Angelo
May 2, 2020·Nutrients·Pieter-Jan MartensAnd Chantal Mathieu
Jul 11, 2019·Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry·Raghad Khalid Al-IshaqDietrich Büsselberg
Aug 26, 2020·Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Ko MiuraHiroto Miwa
Nov 13, 2019·Daru : Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences·Kosar RaoufinejadMohammad Vaezi
May 28, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Parul SinghSouhaila Al Khodor
Jul 1, 2020·BMC Pediatrics·Bahareh NikooyehTirang R Neyestani
Oct 2, 2020·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Emanuele CeredaRiccardo Caccialanza
Jan 26, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Massimo De MartinisSebastiano Gangemi
Feb 13, 2021·Journal of Reproductive Immunology·Mariana Leticia MatiasMaria Terezinha Peracoli
Feb 27, 2021·Frontiers in Neurology·Ji-Lan HanHai-Feng Li
Mar 9, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Rui ZhaoSong Guo Zheng
Feb 18, 2020·Journal of Affective Disorders·Cécile GrudetDaniel Lindqvist
Jun 2, 2021·PLoS Medicine·Guillaume Butler-LaporteJ Brent Richards
Jun 13, 2021·Aging Clinical and Experimental Research·Zahra Raisi-EstabraghNicholas C Harvey
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Georgeta BochevaAndrzej T Slominski
Aug 29, 2021·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Sneha VermaShivani Arora Mittal