Immunotherapeutic approaches in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
James Ch ChowWilliam Cs Cho

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in Southern China and Southeast Asia. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) represents a unique etiological culprit in the poorly differentiated nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated subtypes. EBV antigens are expressed on tumor cells albeit in a restricted manner. Treatment options for recurrent or metastatic disease are limited. Nevertheless, emerging data from immunotherapy studies in NPC have shed light into their potential antitumor efficacy. Areas covered: This article reviews existing clinical evidence for different immunotherapeutic approaches for NPC, including adoptive cellular therapy, therapeutic cancer vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Expert opinion: There is a growing understanding on EBV virology and the immune evasion mechanisms in NPC. Immunotherapeutic strategies leveraging these properties have shown encouraging efficacy and safety results in early-phase clinical studies. Moving forward, areas to be addressed include appropriate patient selection, optimal incorporation into standard treatment paradigms, biomarker identification, as well as the development of scalable and reproducible immune product generation processes.

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Citations

Jan 18, 2020·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Liam MastersonMatt Lechner
Apr 7, 2020·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Valentin BalochePierre Busson
Jul 1, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Shanshan LuYiya Zhang
Jan 26, 2021·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Feng-Hua WangRui-Hua Xu
Oct 11, 2020·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·Richard HopkinsJohn E Connolly
Jul 30, 2021·Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment·Birhanu Aberha BereleGuifang Yang

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