Immunotherapies and Combination Strategies for Immuno-Oncology.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Cody BarbariRahul R Deshmukh

Abstract

The advent of novel immunotherapies in the treatment of cancers has dramatically changed the landscape of the oncology field. Recent developments in checkpoint inhibition therapies, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, and cancer vaccines have shown immense promise for significant advancements in cancer treatments. Immunotherapies act on distinct steps of immune response to augment the body's natural ability to recognize, target, and destroy cancerous cells. Combination treatments with immunotherapies and other modalities intend to activate immune response, decrease immunosuppression, and target signaling and resistance pathways to offer a more durable, long-lasting treatment compared to traditional therapies and immunotherapies as monotherapies for cancers. This review aims to briefly describe the rationale, mechanisms of action, and clinical efficacy of common immunotherapies and highlight promising combination strategies currently approved or under clinical development. Additionally, we will discuss the benefits and limitations of these immunotherapy approaches as monotherapies as well as in combination with other treatments.

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Citations

Feb 26, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Shan-Shan ZouJingtao Chen
Apr 4, 2021·Vaccines·Marco Carlo MerlanoOrnella Garrone
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Zheying ZhangJiateng Zhong
May 25, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Jii Bum LeeHye Ryun Kim

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
lymphodepletion
genetic modification
transgenic

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT03959293
NCT02349633
NCT03036098
NCT03215706
NCT02435849

Software Mentioned

MEDIOLA
VISTA

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