Immunotherapy and radiation therapy for operable early stage and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Translational Lung Cancer Research
Neil K TaunkJamie Chaft

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer mortality. Although a significant proportion of patients can be cured with surgery, with or without adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation, a significant proportion of patients will fail, particularly distantly. Over fifty percent of patients present with stage IV disease. There are multiple forms of immunotherapy available including T-cell transfer, cytokine therapy, and oncolytic viruses. Checkpoint inhibitors have shown tremendous activity in NSCLC and are currently under intense study given promising data on response. Immunotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) both show significant immune editing activity in NSCLC that may allow the innate and adaptive immune system to help control systemic disease by both radiosensitization and a sustained systemic immune response. Multiple clinical trials are underway exploring the role of adjuvant or neoadjuvant immunotherapy in operable NSCLC. A substantial amount of progress is to be made in terms of optimizing radiation dose and fractionation, immunotherapy type and dose, and integrating both to best realize the benefits of immunotherapy and radiation in operable lung cancer.

Citations

Apr 18, 2018·Future Oncology·David Sanchez-LorenteLaureano Molins
Aug 4, 2018·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Jennifer A FebboPalmi N Shah
Dec 12, 2018·Nature Reviews. Cancer·Nasser K AltorkiVivek Mittal
Mar 3, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Sara SaabHumam Kadara
Jun 28, 2018·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Eric C KoSilvia C Formenti
Mar 11, 2021·Cancer Communications·Jin KangWen-Zhao Zhong
May 3, 2021·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·Zu-Jun QueJian-Hui Tian

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