Immunotoxicity of nickel: Pathological and toxicological effects

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Hongrui GuoHuaqiao Tang

Abstract

Nickel (Ni) is a widely distributed metal in the environment and an important pollutant because of its many industrial applications. With increasing incidences of Ni contamination, Ni toxicity has become a global public health concern and recent evidence suggests that Ni adversely affects the immune system. Hence, this paper reviews the literature on immune-related effects of Ni exposure, the immunotoxicological effects of Ni, and the underlying mechanism of Ni immunotoxicity. The main focus was on the effect of Ni on the development of organs of immune system, lymphocyte subpopulations, cytokines, immunoglobulins, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophages. Moreover, Ni toxicity also induces inflammation and several studies demonstrated that Ni could induce immunotoxicity. Excessive Ni exposure can inhibit the development of immune organs by excessively inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation. Furthermore, Ni can decrease T and B lymphocytes, the specific mechanism of which requires further research. The effects of Ni on immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM remain unknown and while Ni inhibited IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in an animal experiment, the opposite result was found in research on humans. Ni inhibits the product...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 10, 2020·Metallomics : Integrated Biometal Science·Jemmyson Romário de Jesus, Tatianny de Araújo Andrade
Dec 15, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Ningpan ChaiZhangdong Jin
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Maroun Bou ZerdanHazem I Assi
Aug 6, 2021·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Heng YinYanqiu Zhu

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