PMID: 9442301Jan 27, 1998Paper

Immunotoxicology: extrapolation from animal to man--estimation of the immunotoxicologic risk associated with TBTO exposure

Archives of Toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv Für Toxikologie. Supplement
H Van LoverenJ Garssen

Abstract

Bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO) has been shown to be immunotoxic in rodents, resulting in decreased resistance to infections. The no-effect level assessed by estimating effects on host resistance in rats has been found to lie between 0.5 and 5.0 mg TBTO/kg food (0.025 and 0.25 mg/kg body weight). For risk assessment such animal data need to be extrapolated to the human situation. In risk assessment procedures uncertainty factors are used to account for interspecies variation (extrapolation from animal to man) and for variation within the human species. For both factors a value of 10 is often used, based on international guidelines. Hence, exposures below 0.00025 mg/kg body weight should not pose a risk for the human population. In the present study we have taken an alternative approach. We have produced dose-response curves for the effect of TBTO exposure on resistance to Trichinella spiralis. To extrapolate this curve to the human situation, we produced additional dose response data concerning in vitro effects of TBTO exposure on the mitogen responsiveness of both rat lymphoid cells and human blood cells. Using regression analyses of these dose-response data, we calculated a factor that accounts for interspecies variation (IEV...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 7, 2008·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Jamie C DeWittRobert W Luebke
Jul 22, 2006·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Nadzieja Drela
Jan 6, 2006·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Robert W LuebkeUNKNOWN Immunotoxicology Workgroup

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