Impact of climate change on the transition of Neanderthals to modern humans in Europe

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Michael StaubwasserDaniel Veres

Abstract

Two speleothem stable isotope records from East-Central Europe demonstrate that Greenland Stadial 12 (GS12) and GS10-at 44.3-43.3 and 40.8-40.2 ka-were prominent intervals of cold and arid conditions. GS12, GS11, and GS10 are coeval with a regional pattern of culturally (near-)sterile layers within Europe's diachronous archeologic transition from Neanderthals to modern human Aurignacian. Sterile layers coeval with GS12 precede the Aurignacian throughout the middle and upper Danube region. In some records from the northern Iberian Peninsula, such layers are coeval with GS11 and separate the Châtelperronian from the Aurignacian. Sterile layers preceding the Aurignacian in the remaining Châtelperronian domain are coeval with GS10 and the previously reported 40.0- to 40.8-ka cal BP [calendar years before present (1950)] time range of Neanderthals' disappearance from most of Europe. This suggests that ecologic stress during stadial expansion of steppe landscape caused a diachronous pattern of depopulation of Neanderthals, which facilitated repopulation by modern humans who appear to have been better adapted to this environment. Consecutive depopulation-repopulation cycles during severe stadials of the middle pleniglacial may princip...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 13, 2020·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science·Michael Breyl
May 13, 2020·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Helen FewlassJean-Jacques Hublin
Sep 30, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jonathan A HawsBrandon K Zinsious
Feb 20, 2021·Science·Alan CooperRoland Zech
Apr 22, 2021·Molecular Psychiatry·I ZwirC R Cloninger
Sep 23, 2021·Science Advances·Sarah PederzaniJean-Jacques Hublin

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