Impact of disease-modifying therapies on brain and spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis

Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
R Rudick

Abstract

Brain and spinal cord atrophy occur early in the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) and continue throughout this lifelong illness, resulting in substantial parenchymal tissue loss at later disease stages. Treatments that slow or prevent atrophy may reduce disability progression in the long term. Disease-modifying agents (DMAs) such as interferon beta-1b (IFNbeta-1b), IFNbeta-1a, and glatiramer acetate inhibit inflammatory events believed to initiate and perpetuate the disease process. DMAs have been shown to inhibit aspects of MS related to brain inflammation such as relapses and gadolinium-enhanced lesions. Because brain inflammation has been linked to irreversible brain tissue injury, DMAs should be effective in reducing the rate of brain atrophy progression. Weekly IFNbeta-1a (Avonex or Rebif) has been shown to slow the rate of brain atrophy; a large study of a frequent injection regimen with IFNbeta-1a (Rebif) showed continued atrophy progression despite IFNbeta-1a at a rate similar to placebo-treated patients. It is not clear why weekly treatment regimens with lower total doses of IFNbeta-1a would show beneficial effects on brain atrophy compared with frequent injections with larger weekly doses. This article reviews result...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 9, 2007·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Robert A Bermel, Richard A Rudick
Oct 9, 2007·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Mohit NeemaRohit Bakshi
May 17, 2005·Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America·Jack H Simon
May 18, 2005·NeuroRx : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Rohit BakshiJerry S Wolinsky
May 15, 2013·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Sasan AndalibYones Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi
Jul 12, 2007·Pharmacogenetics and Genomics·Iris GrossmanAriel Miller
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Rohit BakshiRobert A Bermel
Jul 29, 2016·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Tarun SinghalRohit Bakshi
Jan 16, 2013·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Angela Vidal-JordanaXavier Montalban
Jan 5, 2011·Annals of Neurology·Samia Khoury, Rohit Bakshi
Apr 25, 2009·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·L R MehtaE Waubant
Feb 1, 2007·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·J H Simon
Aug 12, 2017·Scientific Reports·Alex M DickensNorman J Haughey

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