Impact of Fiber-Based Enteral Nutrition on the Gut Microbiome of ICU Patients Receiving Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics: A Randomized Pilot Trial.

Critical Care Explorations
Daniel E FreedbergChristian Munck

Abstract

Dietary fiber increases the abundance of bacteria that metabolize fiber into short-chain fatty acids and confers resistance against gut colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria. This pilot trial estimated the effect of fiber on gut short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in the ICU. Randomized, controlled, open label trial. Medical ICU. Twenty ICU adults receiving broad-spectrum IV antibiotics for sepsis. 1:1 randomization to enteral nutrition with mixed soy- and oat-derived fiber (14.3 g fiber/L) versus calorie- and micronutrient-identical enteral nutrition with 0 g/L fiber. Rectal swabs and whole stools were collected at baseline and on study Days 3, 7, 14, and 30. The primary outcome was within-individual change in the cumulative relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing taxa from baseline to Day 3 based on 16S sequencing of rectal swabs. The secondary outcome was Day 3 cumulative short-chain fatty acid levels based on mass spectrometry of whole stools. Analyses were all intent to treat. By Day 3, the fiber group received a median of 32.1 g fiber cumulatively (interquartile range, 17.6-54.6) versus 0 g fiber (interquartile range, 0-4.0) in the no fiber group. The median within-individual change in short-...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 7, 2021·Current Opinion in Critical Care·Ashley A MinietCraig M Coopersmith

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA603980

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT03509753
NCT03865706

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