Impact of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors on blood pressure and lipid profile

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
Emir Muzurović, Dimitri P Mikhailidis

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD). Optimal anti-hyperglycemic agents should include control of multiple CV risk factors (RF) to improve macrovascular and microvascular complications, as well as glycemia. In this narrative review, the authors focus on the effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on blood pressure (BP) and the lipid profile, two well-established CV RF. Results from recent CV outcome trials (CVOTs), showed the impact of GLP-1 RA and SGLT2i on BP and lipid levels. These classes of medication can alter cardiac function by affecting the process of atherosclerosis and/or hemodynamic status. The results of published GLP1-RA and SGLT2i CVOTs have shown multifactorial benefits; in addition to the main effects on glycemia and body weight (BW), there are also positive but moderate effects on BP and lipid levels. Full advantage of the pleiotropic benefit of these agents should be taken to prevent CV events.

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Citations

Apr 11, 2021·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Semira Abdi BeshirAmira S A Said
Apr 27, 2021·Current Opinion in Lipidology·Amanda J Berberich, Robert A Hegele
Apr 18, 2021·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·Emir MuzurovićChristos Mantzoros

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