Impact of HIV infection on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in a peri-urban community in South Africa: the need for age-specific interventions

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Stephen D LawnRobin Wood

Abstract

In August 2005, the World Health Organization declared the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in Africa to be a regional emergency. Current TB-control measures are failing, largely as a result of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Evaluation of additional control interventions requires detailed understanding of the epidemiological relationship between these diseases at the community level. We examined age- and sex-specific trends in TB notifications and their association with the prevalence of HIV infection in a peri-urban township in South Africa during 1996-2004. Denominators for TB notifications were derived from population census data. The local TB-control program used the World Health Organization directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) strategy. TB notification rates increased 2.5-fold during the period, reaching a rate of 1468 cases per 100,000 persons in 2004 (P=.007, by test for trend); the estimated population prevalence of HIV infection increased from 6% to 22% during the same period. After stabilization of prevalence of HIV infection, the TB notification rate continued to increase steeply, indicating ongoing amplification of the TB epidemic. In 2004, at least 50% of children aged 0-9 years who develop...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 17, 2008·Journal of Mathematical Biology·Nicolas BacaërBrian Williams
Jul 8, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Shabir A MadhiUNKNOWN P1041 Study Team
Jul 27, 2012·The New England Journal of Medicine·Carlos M Perez-Velez, Ben J Marais
May 23, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Molebogeng X RangakaRobert J Wilkinson
Jan 10, 2008·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Robin Wood
Jun 19, 2008·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Keren MiddelkoopRobin Wood
Jul 10, 2009·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Stephen D LawnRobin Wood
Sep 22, 2009·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Keren MiddelkoopRobin Wood
Jul 8, 2010·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Robin WoodLinda-Gail Bekker
Aug 26, 2010·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Ingrid V BassettKenneth A Freedberg
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