Impact of Iron-Enriched Aspergillus oryzae on Iron Bioavailability, Safety, and Gut Microbiota in Rats
Abstract
Iron deficiency is a leading global nutritional problem. Ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) is the most common iron source used for supplementation. Because of many side effects associated with its consumption, it is important to identify new forms of iron. The objectives of this study were to assess the bioavailability of iron-enriched Aspergillus oryzae, Aspiron (ASP), evaluate the toxicity of high-dose iron supplementation with ASP, and determine the ASP impact on gut microbiota in rats. In this study, we investigated iron bioavailability using the hemoglobin repletion test. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and blood urea nitrogen levels were determined to evaluate the effect on liver and kidney functions. Protein carbonyls were measured to assess oxidative damage to proteins. Fecal samples at the end of the 14 day repletion period were used for 16S rRNA sequencing for gut microbiota analysis. The slope ratio method using a common intercept linear regression model was used to compare the bioavailability of ASP to FeSO4. Iron repletion increased hemoglobin concentrations with both ASP and FeSO4 treatments compared to the control group, except in the lowest ASP group. The slope ratio indicated that relative iron bioa...Continue Reading
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