Impact of nicotinamide on human tumour hypoxic fraction measured using the comet assay

Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
D B McLarenP L Olive

Abstract

Nicotinamide has been shown to reduce hypoxia in experimental tumours, but there are no data that measure the hypoxic fraction at the time of irradiation in humans. This study investigates whether nicotinamide with radiation can reduce human tumour hypoxia. Twenty-two patients undergoing palliative radiotherapy for treatment of accessible metastatic tumours were exposed to two doses of radiation (3.5-8 Gy, median 6 Gy) separated by 1-6 days. Directly on completion of the first dose, two fine needle aspirate biopsies (FNAB) were taken and analyzed for hypoxic fraction using the alkaline comet assay. On the second day of radiation, 13 patients were given 80 mg/kg nicotinamide post-operatively on an empty stomach 2 h before treatment; the remaining nine patients acted as controls. A second comparative pair of aspirates were obtained immediately on completion of the second fraction. Sixteen tumours were suitable for analysis (nine nicotinamide and seven controls). Marked inter-tumour variations in hypoxic fraction were noted (0-67%). Both nicotinamide treated tumours and controls demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of cells containing heavily damaged DNA following the second dose of radiation (P = 0.01). A signifi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 18, 2011·Angiogenesis·C E EvansA Smith
May 4, 1999·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·P L OliveS Vanderbyl
Aug 6, 1999·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·C Aquino-ParsonsP L Olive
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Sep 13, 2011·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Shadia JalalJohn J Turchi
Sep 22, 2010·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·Wonsik ChoiSeung Do Ahn
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Dec 18, 2007·Mutation Research·Peggy L Olive
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Sep 3, 2021·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Mary N Mohankumar

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