Impact of preferential flow at varying irrigation rates by quantifying mass fluxes

Journal of Environmental Quality
T J GishT S Steenhuis

Abstract

Solute concentration and soluble dye studies inferring that preferential flow accelerates field-scale contaminant transport are common but flux measurements quantifying its impact are essentially nonexistent. A tile-drain facility was used to determine the influence of matrix and preferential flow processes on the flux of mobile tracers subjected to different irrigation regimes (4.4 and 0.89 mm h(-1)) in a silt loam soil. After tile outflow reached steady state either bromide (Br; 280 kg ha(-1)) or pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA; 121 kg ha(-1)) was applied through the irrigation system inside a shed (3.5 x 24 m). Bromide fluxes were monitored at an irrigation rate of 4.4 mm h(-1) while PFBA fluxes were monitored at an irrigation rate of 0.89 mm h(-1). At 4.4 mm h(-1) nearly one-third of the surface-applied Br was recovered in the tile line after only 124 mm of irrigation and was poorly fit by the one-dimensional convective-dispersive equation (CDE). On the other hand, the one-dimensional CDE fit the main PFBA breakthrough pattern almost perfectly, suggesting the PFBA transport was dominated by matrix flow. Furthermore, after 225 mm of water had been applied, less than 2% of the applied PFBA had been leached through the soil comp...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 21, 2007·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Ludek SisrOndrej Sebek
Oct 8, 2005·Pest Management Science·Harry Vereecken
Aug 11, 2006·Journal of Environmental Quality·Wesley W Stone, John T Wilson
Jan 14, 2005·Journal of Environmental Quality·T J GishK-J S Kung
Oct 14, 2005·Journal of Environmental Quality·Terry PrichardMick Canevari

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