Impact of prophylaxis for Mycobacterium avium complex on bacterial infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
J S CurrierAdult Clinical Trial Group

Abstract

The epidemiology and natural history of bacterial infections among ambulatory patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease has not been well described. In this prospective study, 394 subjects were enrolled and followed at 8-week intervals for a median of 21 months. During follow-up, 164 (42%) of 394 patients developed at least 1 bacterial infection. The most common infections were sinusitis, bacterial pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection, and bronchitis. Serious bacterial infections (defined as bacterial pneumonia, bacteremia, or deep visceral abscess) were reported by 56 subjects (14%). Female sex, age of <40 years, and Karnofsky score of < or =80 were independent risk factors for bacterial infections. Prophylaxis with clarithromycin, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, or both had significant protective effect. The occurrence of any confirmed bacterial infection was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. This study documents that bacterial infections are common among patients with advanced HIV disease, especially among women.

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Citations

Jun 8, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Rakhi KohliUNKNOWN HER Study Group
Sep 1, 2004·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Petros C KarakousisRichard E Chaisson
Oct 11, 2005·HIV Clinical Trials·Vijayalakshmi Nagappan, Powel Kazanjian
Nov 6, 2003·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Michelle Floris-MooreEllie E Schoenbaum
Dec 15, 2018·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Mark Kristoffer U PasayanRossana A Ditangco
Dec 15, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Mohsen HeidaryDavood Darban-Sarokhalil
Jun 27, 2019·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Jerry S Zifodya, Kristina Crothers

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