Impact of triglycerides on lipid and lipoprotein biology in women

Gender Medicine
Thomas D Dayspring, Gregory Pokrywka

Abstract

Because atherosclerosis, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women, is thought of as a sterol (cholesterol and noncholesterol sterol)-mediated disease, plasma triglyceride (TG) levels (the concentration of all TG trafficked within all of the lipoproteins per dL of plasma), TG biology, and TG pathobiology historically have been ignored or frequently misunderstood in both risk assessment and treatment decisions. This review presents information on the importance of TG (chemical name, triacylglycerol) in atherogenesis and the relationship of TG to gender, adiposopathy (the pathophysiological transformation of functional adipose tissue into an organ with pathogenic endocrine and immune responses), insulin resistance, sterol-trafficking lipoproteins, and overall vascular health. In addition, this review seeks to explain the complexities of lipid homeostasis and how it is influenced by lipid-modulating medications, reproductive hormones, and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Using peer-reviewed materials published in English from the extensive libraries of the authors, this narrative review references key epidemiologic, basic science lipid/lipoprotein publications as well as efficacy trials of lipid-modulating...Continue Reading

References

Dec 14, 1992·The American Journal of Cardiology·W P Castelli
Dec 1, 1991·Annals of Internal Medicine·R R LoveD L DeMets
Nov 1, 1995·Annals of Internal Medicine·E T PoehlmanA W Gardner
Nov 5, 1997·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·P PariniM Rudling
May 26, 1998·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·B W WalshP W Anderson
Jul 22, 1998·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·H T WesterveldD W Erkelens
Nov 13, 1999·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·A P van BeekT W de Bruin
Jan 11, 2000·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·G K WhitfieldM R Haussler
Jun 10, 2000·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·D M HerringtonD B MacLean
Dec 8, 2000·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·H JoensuuR Valavaara
Feb 7, 2001·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·M CushmanD N Krag
Feb 24, 2001·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·A WakatsukiT Fukaya
Mar 27, 2001·Current Opinion in Lipidology·G S Shelness, J A Sellers
Jul 5, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·KehDih LaiMark J Evans
Oct 4, 2003·Current Atherosclerosis Reports·Dianne HysonLars Berglund
Feb 6, 2004·Circulation·Lori MoscaUNKNOWN American Heart Association
Jul 31, 2004·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Aamer AbbasWanpen Vongpatanasin
Aug 7, 2004·Current Atherosclerosis Reports·William C Cromwell, James D Otvos
Aug 17, 2004·American Heart Journal·Philippe O Szapary, Daniel J Rader
Jan 13, 2005·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Stefano FiorucciAntonio Morelli
Oct 19, 2005·The Breast : Official Journal of the European Society of Mastology·F J Esteva, G N Hortobagyi
Nov 10, 2005·Menopause : the Journal of the North American Menopause Society·David F ArcherRichard L Kempson
May 9, 2006·Current Opinion in Lipidology·Martin AdielsJan Borén
Jul 14, 2006·The New England Journal of Medicine·Elizabeth Barrett-ConnorUNKNOWN Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) Trial Investigators
Oct 31, 2006·American Heart Journal·Benjamin J AnsellUNKNOWN NEPTUNE II Steering Committee
Nov 18, 2006·Clinics in Laboratory Medicine·Satish R Tiyyagura, Donald A Smith
Nov 24, 2006·Nature Clinical Practice. Cardiovascular Medicine·James H Stein, Patrick E McBride
Feb 1, 2007·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Faidon MagkosBettina Mittendorfer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 17, 2012·Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis·Sayuki HashimotoMichitaka Naito
Feb 18, 2014·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Ichiro Wakabayashi
Jan 5, 2011·Gender Medicine·Zdravko Asenov KamenovRumyana Taneva Georgieva
Feb 9, 2012·Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology·Antonio CianciVincenzo De Leo
May 3, 2012·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Rika YonezawaToshiyasu Sasaoka
Aug 17, 2012·Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy·Leonidas Duntas, Dragan Micic

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

CV Disorders & Type 2 Diabetes

This feed focuses on the association of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Blood Clotting Disorders

Thrombophilia includes conditions with increased tendency for excessive blood clotting. Blood clotting occurs when the body has insufficient amounts of specialized proteins that make blood clot and stop bleeding. Here is the latest research on blood clotting disorders.

ApoE, Lipids & Cholesterol

Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B (APOB)-containing lipoproteins (very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), immediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), lipoprotein A (LPA)) and the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio are all connected in diseases. Here is the latest research.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.

Atherosclerosis Disease Progression

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque on artery walls, causing stenosis which can eventually lead to clinically apparent cardiovascular disease. Find the latest research on atherosclerosis disease progression here.