Impacts of Early Childhood Education on Medium- and Long-Term Educational Outcomes

Educational Researcher : a Publication of the American Educational Research Association
Dana Charles McCoyJack P Shonkoff

Abstract

Despite calls to expand early childhood education (ECE) in the United States, questions remain regarding its medium- and long-term impacts on educational outcomes. We use meta-analysis of 22 high-quality experimental and quasi-experimental studies conducted between 1960 and 2016 to find that on average, participation in ECE leads to statistically significant reductions in special education placement (d = 0.33 SD, 8.1 percentage points) and grade retention (d = 0.26 SD, 8.3 percentage points) and increases in high school graduation rates (d = 0.24 SD, 11.4 percentage points). These results support ECE's utility for reducing education-related expenditures and promoting child well-being.

References

Feb 1, 2010·Journal of Public Economics·James J HeckmanAdam Yavitz
Jan 19, 2012·Developmental Psychology·Frances A CampbellCraig T Ramey
Feb 1, 2010·The Journal of Special Education·Paul L MorganJacob Hibel
Mar 19, 2014·The American Economic Review·James HeckmanPeter Savelyev
Jul 28, 2016·Developmental Psychology·Deborah PhillipsSara Anderson
Dec 1, 2014·Educational Researcher : a Publication of the American Educational Research Association·John Robert WarrenMegan Andrew
Jan 27, 2018·Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness·Drew BaileyWinnie Yu
Jan 1, 2016·Early Childhood Research Quarterly·Katherine A MagnusonHirokazu Yoshikawa

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Citations

Oct 31, 2019·Child Development·Christina WeilandEleanor Martin
Jan 9, 2021·Psychological Science in the Public Interest : a Journal of the American Psychological Society·Drew H BaileyDavid S Yeager
Mar 7, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Elena Escolano-Pérez, Marta Bestué
Mar 20, 2021·Child Development·Arya Ansari, Michael A Gottfried
Jun 8, 2021·JAMA Pediatrics·Marie-Pier LaroseSylvana M Côté

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