Impaired neuronal nitric oxide synthase-mediated vasodilator responses to mental stress in essential hypertension

Hypertension
Sitara G KhanPhilip J Chowienczyk

Abstract

Neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) regulates blood flow in resistance vasculature at rest and during mental stress. To investigate whether nNOS signaling is dysfunctional in essential hypertension, forearm blood flow responses to mental stress were examined in 88 subjects: 48 with essential hypertension (42±14 years; blood pressure, 141±17/85±15 mm Hg; mean±SD) and 40 normotensive controls (38±14 years; 117±13/74±9 mm Hg). A subsample of 34 subjects (17 hypertensive) participated in a single blind 2-phase crossover study, in which placebo or sildenafil 50 mg PO was administered before an intrabrachial artery infusion of the selective nNOS inhibitor S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline (SMTC, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μmol/min) at rest and during mental stress. In a further subsample (n=21) with an impaired blood flow response to mental stress, responses were measured in the presence and absence of the α-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine. The blood flow response to mental stress was impaired in hypertensive compared with normotensive subjects (37±7% versus 70±8% increase over baseline; P<0.001). SMTC blunted responses to mental stress in normotensive but not in hypertensive subjects (reduction of 40±11% versus 3.0±14%, respectively, P=0.01, between gro...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 27, 2016·The Journal of Physiology·Dan Li, David J Paterson
Jun 25, 2017·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Sitara G KhanAjay M Shah
Mar 8, 2017·Hypertension·Husain ShabeehAjay M Shah
Mar 5, 2018·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Natalie G OrmshawJanice M Marshall
May 16, 2020·Clinical Medicine : Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London·Haseeb RahmanDivaka Perera
Jun 27, 2020·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Ahmmed AllySurya M Nauli
Jun 14, 2021·Cardiovascular Research·Kevin O'GallagherAjay M Shah

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