Impairment of perceptual metacognitive accuracy and reduced prefrontal grey matter volume in first-episode psychosis

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
Geoff DaviesKathryn Greenwood

Abstract

Metacognition, or "thinking about thinking", is a higher-order thought process that allows for the evaluation of perceptual processes for accuracy. Metacognitive accuracy is associated with the grey matter volume (GMV) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), an area also impacted in schizophrenia. The present study set out to investigate whether deficits in metacognitive accuracy are present in the early stages of psychosis. Metacognitive accuracy in first-episode psychosis (FEP) was assessed on a perceptual decision-making task and their performance compared to matched healthy control participants (N = 18). A novel signal detection theory approach was used to model metacognitive sensitivity independently from objective perceptual performance. A voxel-based morphometry investigation was also conducted on GMV. We found that the FEP group demonstrated significantly worse metacognitive accuracy compared to controls (p = .039). Importantly, GMV deficits were also observed in the superior frontal gyrus. The findings suggest a specific deficit in this processing domain to exist at first episode; however, no relationship was found between GMV and metacognitive accuracy. Our findings support the notion that an inability to accurately scrutinis...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 23, 2019·Translational Psychiatry·Monja HovenRuth J van Holst
Nov 30, 2019·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Erkan AlkanSimon L H Evans
Dec 20, 2020·Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging·Vikas B RajuNaren P Rao
Oct 16, 2020·Scientific Reports·Erkan AlkanSimon L Evans
Mar 25, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Martin RouyNathan Faivre

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Software Mentioned

FSL Brain Extraction Tool ( BET )
MATLAB
FSL
COGENT
FMRIB library ( FSL )
GRAPPA
FEP

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