Implementation and Operational Research: Age Distribution and Determinants of Invasive Cervical Cancer in a "Screen-and-Treat" Program Integrated With HIV/AIDS Care in Zambia

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS
Sharon KapambweGroesbeck Parham

Abstract

Cervical cancer screening efforts linked to HIV/AIDS care programs are being expanded across sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence on the age distribution and determinants of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) cases detected in such programs is limited. We analyzed program operations data from the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program in Zambia, the largest public sector programs of its kind in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined age distribution patterns by HIV serostatus of histologically confirmed ICC cases and used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate independent risk factors for ICC among younger (≤35 years) and older (>35 years) women. Between January 2006 and April 2010, of 48,626 women undergoing screening, 571 (1.2%) were diagnosed with ICC, including 262 (46%) HIV seropositive (median age: 35 years), 131 (23%) HIV seronegative (median age: 40 years), and 178 (31%) of unknown HIV serostatus (median age: 38 years). Among younger (≤35 years) women, being HIV seropositive was associated with a 4-fold higher risk of ICC [adjusted odds ratio = 4.1 (95% confidence interval: 2.8, 5.9)] than being HIV seronegative. The risk of ICC increased with increasing age among HIV-seronegative women and women with unknown HIV serostatus, but among ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 17, 2018·Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing·Biemba Maliti, Patience Mbozi
Sep 9, 2016·Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS·Lameck ChinulaSatish Gopal
Mar 24, 2016·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Christine CampbellHeather A Cubie
Sep 10, 2021·CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians·Philip E CastleVikrant V Sahasrabuddhe

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