Implications of the carcinogenic hazard of low doses of three hepatocarcinogenic N-nitrosamines

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research : Gann
M R BergerL Edler

Abstract

The data of a large-scale experiment on single and combination effects of very low doses of the hepatocarcinogenic N-nitrosamines N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), and N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDElA) were modeled by new statistical methods to derive implications of the carcinogenic hazard of dose ranges so low as to result in long-term toxic effects only slightly different from the background. According to this model a linear relationship was found to exist between daily exposure to low N-nitrosamine levels and time to death with liver tumor. Extrapolation of these data to zero exposure suggested the occurrence of one to ten percent of spontaneous liver tumors in animals surviving more than 1000 days. At this advanced age a further reduction of carcinogen-induced liver tumor incidence does not contribute to a longer overall survival due to competitive, probably independent, causes of death. A quasi-threshold in terms of a "no-observed-effect level" can thus be derived from the data. The observed combination effect indicates a mere additivity in liver tumor occurrence, even at very low doses which alone cause no significant carcinogenic effect during the animal's lifetime. Within the combination of NDEA,...Continue Reading

References

Nov 18, 1977·Zeitschrift Für Krebsforschung Und Klinische Onkologie. Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology·R PreussmannG Eisenbrand
Aug 1, 1989·Japanese Journal of Cancer Research : Gann·S TakayamaH Ohgaki
Dec 4, 1989·Klinische Wochenschrift·D SchmählM R Berger
Nov 15, 1987·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·J Wahrendorf
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Dec 1, 1980·Computer Programs in Biomedicine·F Bonomi, M Stefanelli
Apr 1, 1980·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·S R Hirsch, J H Kalbfleisch

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Citations

Sep 28, 1998·Mutation Research·L Edler, A Kopp-Schneider
Aug 29, 2014·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Michael HabermeyerGerhard Eisenbrand
Nov 15, 2005·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Xiaoqin YangNaofumi Mukaida
Apr 26, 2018·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Duck Soo LimByung-Mu Lee

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