Implications of the minimal clinically important difference for health-related quality-of-life outcomes: a comparison of sample size requirements for an incontinence treatment trial

Value in Health : the Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research
Alex S HalmeCara Tannenbaum

Abstract

Sample size calculations for treatment trials that aim to assess health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) outcomes are often difficult to perform. Researchers must select a target minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in HRQOL for the trial, estimate the effect size of the intervention, and then consider the responsiveness of different HRQOL measures for detecting improvements. Generic preference-based HRQOL measures are usually less sensitive to gains in HRQOL than are disease-specific measures, but are nonetheless recommended to quantify an impact on HRQOL that can be translated into quality-adjusted life-years during cost-effectiveness analyses. Mapping disease-specific measures onto generic measures is a proposed method for yielding more efficient sample size requirements while retaining the ability to generate utility weights for cost-effectiveness analyses. This study sought to test this mapping strategy to calculate and compare the effect on sample size of three different methods. Three different methods were used for determining an MCID in HRQOL in patients with incontinence: 1) a global rating of improvement, 2) an incontinence-specific HRQOL instrument, and 3) a generic preference-based HRQOL instrument using m...Continue Reading

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